![]() ![]() ![]() When the two polarization states are relative to the direction of a surface (usually found with Fresnel reflection), they are usually termed s and p. vertical) independent from the orientation of the polarizer surface. Polarizers which maintain the same axes of polarization with varying angles of incidence are often called Cartesian polarizers, since the polarization vectors can be described with simple Cartesian coordinates (for example, horizontal vs. ![]() Linear polarizers can be divided into two general categories: absorptive polarizers, where the unwanted polarization states are absorbed by the device, and beam-splitting polarizers, where the unpolarized beam is split into two beams with opposite polarization states. Polarizers can also be made for other types of electromagnetic waves besides visible light, such as radio waves, microwaves, and X-rays. Polarizers are used in many optical techniques and instruments, and polarizing filters find applications in photography and LCD technology. The common types of polarizers are linear polarizers and circular polarizers. It can filter a beam of light of undefined or mixed polarization into a beam of well-defined polarization, that is polarized light. A polarizing filter cuts down the reflections (top) and makes it possible to see a photographer through the glass at roughly Brewster's angle although reflections off the back window of the car are not cut because they are less-strongly polarized, according to the Fresnel equations.Ī polarizer or polariser (see spelling differences) is an optical filter that lets light waves of a specific polarization pass through while blocking light waves of other polarizations. For the photographic filter, see Polarizing filter (photography). ![]()
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